KB2115 lowers cholesterol by mimicking thyroid hormone. While thyroid hormone is able to bind to two specific proteins in cells, alpha and beta, KB2115 binds to just the beta protein. When thyroid hormone binds to both of these proteins, it can promote weight loss and lower cholesterol levels. However, too much thyroid hormone can also cause harmful side effects, such as arrhythmias, rapid heart rate, and insomnia. When the thyroid-mimicking drug KB2115 binds to only the beta protein, the side effects associated with taking too much thyroid hormone are reduced.
The current trial involved 24 overweight individuals with high cholesterol levels (average was 255 mg/dL or 6.6 mmol/L). As a result of the study, it was found that KB2115 lowered LDL cholesterol (“bad” cholesterol) levels by 40% within two weeks. Since it was found that KB2115 also increased bile acid production, it is thought that the liver maybe responsible for ridding excess cholesterol from the body. HDL cholesterol (“good” cholesterol) and triglycerides were not affected. The only adverse effect reported in the study was a mild elevation of liver enzymes.
Although more studies need to be performed on more individuals, this drug appears to be promising in lowering cholesterol and may provide a safe alternative for those who cannot tolerate statins due to their side effects. Previous studies involving animals have also resulted in lower cholesterol levels, weight loss, and a low side effect profile. KB2115 is still undergoing tests and is not on the market.
Sources:
Berkenstam A, Kristensen J, Mellstrom K et al. The thyroid hormone mimetic compound KB2115 lowers plasma LDL cholesterol and stimulates bile acid synthesis without cardiac effects in humans. PNAS. e-pub 26 Dec 2007.
