Definition: A plaque is a thick, wax-like coating that forms on the inner walls of vessels supplying the heart or other areas in the body. Persistently high cholesterol levels can contribute to the formation of plaque.
Plaques are typically made up of cholesterol and other fats, calcium deposits, cells, and cell debris. They can build up over time, restricting blood flow.
Blood clots can form at the plaque and either obstruct blood flow or break off, affecting the organ connected to the artery. Though more rare, part of the plaque itself can break off and cause an obstruction (embolus).
For example, an embolus from the carotid artery might go to the brain and cause a stroke.
Also Known As: atherosclerotic plaque
